Topologies of magnetic-regulated rectifiers for prospective aircraft power supply systems

Аuthors

Shevtsov D. A., Turchenko I. S.^*

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4, Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, А-80, GSP-3, 125993, Russia

*e-mail: i.s.turchenko.ing@mail.ru

Abstract

Three-phase stabilized (regulated) rectifying units are the key converter elements for modern highly reliable aircraft power supply systems.
The problem of ensuring an output voltage regulation has different circuit solutions, which can be realized using both semiconductor (transistor and thyristor) and magnetic switches (particularly high-speed single—wound saturable inductors (SWSI)).
New circuit solutions for aviation magnetic-regulated rectifying units (MRRU) are based on high-speed magnetic switches (HSMS) with magnetic cores made of advanced magnetic materials. It will allow not only to preserve in new devices all merits of their traditional solutions, such as ease of implementation and high reliability, low level of radiated emission, but also get new and improved mass and energy characteristics.
In the course of magnetic-regulated rectifying devices design it is important to notice that the HSMs are able to operate either at primary or at secondary side of power transformer.
The common features of the three-phase magnetic-regulated rectifier topologies proposed by the authors are as follows:

• the single—wound saturable inductor is used as a magnetic switch, which compared to two—winding analog shows faster operation speed, and therefore has better dynamic properties when operating in transient modes;
• by means of SWSI it is possible to regulate the MRRU output voltage over a wide range (from 100mV till 27V);
• demagnetizing processes of both inductors are governed by the single control element;
• due to narrow hysteresis curve, the dissipated energy in controlling element is relatively low;
• current edges through the saturable inductor are relatively smoothed, and it reduces the level of radiated EMI.

For single-output onboard MRRUs the new proposed structure with SWSI at the second side of a transformer is more advantageous, because of its implementation with less number of power diodes, than in the other circuit. Therefore, it causes less power losses and provides smaller size and weight. Besides, this solution allows to connect the ground of a control system to the secondary side power ground, while in the other structure the additional local isolation is needed, which makes the structure more complex.
Carried out studies confirmed that the SWSIs, included in the secondary side of the rectifier are able to adjust the output voltage of the three-phase MRRU by means of output smoothing LC-filter. It can also ensure load short-circuit protection in emergency modes.
The stabilized magnetic-regulated rectifier, due to high reliability and low level of radiated interference, may be useful for traditional and prospective aircraft power supply systems, supplying stable DC voltage 27 V.

Keywords:

regulated rectifying unit, stabilized rectifying unit, high-speed magnetic switches, single-winding saturable inductor, aircraft power supply systems, load shorting

References

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