Substantiation of the effectiveness of the use of signals with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in aviation radio systems of information transmission

DOI: 10.34759/trd-2022-127-14

Аuthors

Burenko E. A.

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4, Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, А-80, GSP-3, 125993, Russia

e-mail: super.evgeny-burenko2012@yandex.ru

Abstract

Aviation complexes of communication facilities are subject to stringent requirements in terms of weight and size indicators and energy consumption. Along with this, to ensure high-speed data transmission between a ground control station (GCS) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) over long distances (up to 300 km), it is required to provide high energy in the radio channel. This paper discusses the main negative factors of aviation radio channels that reduce the efficiency of the radio system of information transmission, which can be eliminated as a result of the use of signal-code structures based on the use of signals with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Such negative factors include the presence of fading of the radio signal at the input of the receiver of the radio system and the possible impact on the operation of the radio system of interference. Discusses the main characteristics and advantages of signals with OFDM over classical single-frequency signals (for example, with binary phase shift keying — BPSK) are considered, as well as basic engineering and technical calculations are presented confirming the validity of the use of these signal-code structures in aviation radio systems for information transmission, as one of solutions for combating fading caused by multipath signal propagation, and as a result, with inter-symbol interference (ISI), which manifests itself in the superposition of re-reflected signals on the direct (main) signal. Discusses the methods for ensuring the noise immunity and secrecy of a radio system with OFDM based on the use of broadband pseudo-noise signals (PNS) together with OFDM signals are considered. For example, M-sequences or Gold’s sequences, which are widely used in radio systems for various purposes, can be used as PNS. To combat narrow-band interference, signal jamming protection can be used, which is reduced to a significant increase in the band occupied by the OFDM signal. Band increases as a result of superposition of the PNS signal with base B ≫ 1 on each subcarrier of the OFDM. The simplest method for reducing the interference power in the receiving part is the narrowband interference decorrelation method, which reduces the interference power to the base B times as a result of multiplying the interference signal with the reference PNS in the demodulator PNS. As a result of multiplication, the interference is converted into a signal with a uniform power spectral density in the interference band, similar to the effect of white noise.

Keywords:

aviation radio communication, signal fading, multipath propagation, information transfer rate, information transmission radio systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, noise immunity, stealth, pseudo-noise signals, PNS

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